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1 readership circulation
Экономика: тираж газеты, тираж печатного изданияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > readership circulation
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2 readership circulation
тираж газеты, печатного изданияEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > readership circulation
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3 circulation
n1) циркуляция; обращение, оборот; кругооборот2) распространение; передача3) тираж (изданий)
- bank circulation
- bond circulation
- coin circulation
- commodity circulation
- currency circulation
- fiduciary circulation
- franchise circulation
- gold circulation
- large circulation
- limited circulation
- mass circulation
- money circulation
- newspaper circulation
- paper circulation
- readership circulation
- securities circulation
- simple circulation of commodities
- uncovered circulation
- wide circulation
- circulation of banknotes
- circulation of bills
- circulation of capital
- circulation of cheques
- circulation of commodities
- circulation of costs
- circulation of currency
- circulation of debentures
- circulation of entity's assets
- circulation of money
- circulation of notes
- in circulation
- out of circulation
- bring into circulation
- extract money from circulation
- put into circulation
- recall from circulation
- redeem money from circulation
- withdraw from circulationEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > circulation
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4 circulation
1. n циркуляция2. n передача; распространение3. n тираж4. n эк. обращение5. n физиол. кровообращение6. n выдача книг на дом; абонементСинонимический ряд:1. distribution of periodicals (noun) apportionment; delivery; dispersion; dissemination; distribution; distribution of periodicals; readership; transmission2. revolution (noun) circumvolution; gyration; gyre; revolution; revolve; round; turn; wheel; whirl3. rotation (noun) circling; circuit; compassing; current; flow; flowing; rotation -
5 readership
1. n звание доцента, доцентура; должность ридера2. n круг читателейto achieve a wide readership — приобрести широкий круг читателей; завоевать популярность у читателей
Синонимический ряд:distribution of periodicals (noun) apportionment; circulation; delivery; dispersion; dissemination; distribution; distribution of periodicals; transmission -
6 readers per copy
рекл., СМИ число читателей на экземпляр (число читателей, прочитавших данный номер периодического издания; подсчитывается путем деления общей читательской аудитории издания на средний тираж номера)See:* * * -
7 tirada
tirada sustantivo femenino 1 (Jueg) ( en juegos de mesa) throw 2 (Impr) print run;◊ un periódico con una tirada de 300.000 ejemplares diarios a newspaper with a daily circulation of 300,000 copies
tirado,-a adj fam
1 (muy barato) dirt cheap
2 (muy sencillo) very easy, dead easy
tirada sustantivo femenino
1 (en el juego) throw
2 (de un libro, un periódico) print run Locuciones: haber una buena tirada: (distancia grande) de mi casa al trabajo hay una buena tirada, there's a fair stretch between my house and my place of work
de una tirada, in one go ' tirada' also found in these entries: Spanish: cerveza - edición - tiraje English: circulation - haul - offprint - paper - printing - readership - run - throw - give - print - rickshaw - shot -
8 Media
The purpose of the media during the Estado Novo (1926-74) was to communicate official government policy. Therefore, the government strictly censored newspapers, magazines, and books. Radio and television broadcasting was in the hands of two state-owned companies: Radiodifusão Portuguesa (RDP) and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (RTP). The first TV broadcasts aired in March 1957, and the official state visit of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain to Portugal was featured. The only independent broadcasting company during the Estado Novo was the Catholic Church's Radio Renascença. Writers and journalists who violated the regime's guidelines were severely sanctioned. Under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano, censorship was relaxed somewhat, and writers were allowed to publish critical and controversial works without fear of punishment. Caetano attempted to "speak to the people" through television. Daily program content consisted of little more than government-controlled (and censored) news programs and dull documentaries.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, censorship was abolished. As the revolution veered leftward, some sectors of the media were seized by opponents of the views they expressed. The most famous case was the seizure of Radio Renascença by those who sought to bring it into line with the drift leftward. State ownership of the media was increased after 25 April 1974, when banks were nationalized because most banks owned at least one newspaper. As the Revolution moderated and as banking was privatized during the 1980s and 1990s, newspapers were also privatized.The history of two major Lisbon dailies illustrates recent cycles of Portuguese politics and pressures. O Século, a major Lisbon daily paper was founded in 1881 and was influenced by Republican, even Masonic ideas. When the first Republic began in 1910, the editorials of O Século defended the new system, but the economic and social turmoil disillusioned the paper's directors. In 1924, O Século, under publisher João Pereira da Rosa, called for political reform and opposed the Democratic Party, which monopolized elections and power in the Republic. This paper was one of the two most important daily papers, and it backed the military coup of 28 May 1926 and the emergent military dictatorship. Over the history of the Estado Novo, this paper remained somewhat to the left of the other major daily paper in Lisbon, Diário de Notícias, but in 1972 the paper suffered a severe financial crisis and was bought by a Lisbon banker. During the more chaotic times after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, O Século experienced its own time of turmoil, in which there was a split between workers and editors, firings, resignations, and financial trouble. After a series of financial problems and controversy over procommunist staff, the paper was suspended and then ceased publication in February 1977. In the 1990s, there was a brief but unsuccessful attempt to revive O Século.Today, the daily paper with the largest circulation is Diário de Notícias of Lisbon, which was established in 1883. It became the major daily paper of record, but after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, like O Século, the paper suffered difficulties, both political and financial. One of its editors in the "hot" summer of 1975 was José Saramago, future Nobel Prize winner in literature, and there was an internal battle in the editorial rooms between factions. The paper was, like O Século, nationalized in 1976, but in 1991, Diário de Notícias was reprivatized and today it continues to be the daily paper of record, leading daily circulation.Currently, about 20 daily newspapers are published in Portugal, in Lisbon, the capital, as well as in the principal cities of Oporto, Coimbra, and Évora. The major Lisbon newspapers are Diário de Notícias (daily and newspaper of record), Publico (daily), Correia da Manha (daily), Jornal de Noticias (daily), Expresso (weekly), The Portugal News (English language weekly), The Resident (English language weekly), and Get Real Weekly (English language).These papers range from the excellent, such as Público and the Diário de Notícias, to the sensationalistic, such as Correio da Manhã. Portugal's premier weekly newspaper is Expresso, founded by Francisco Balsemão during the last years of Marcello Caetano's governance, whose modern format, spirit, and muted criticism of the regime helped prepare public opinion for regime change in 1974. Another weekly is O Independente, founded in 1988, which specializes in political satire. In addition to these newspapers, Portugal has a large number of newspapers and magazines published for a specific readership: sports fans, gardeners, farmers, boating enthusiasts, etc. In addition to the two state-owned TV channels, Portugal has two independent channels, one of which is operated by the Catholic Church. TV programming is now diverse and sophisticated, with a great variety of programs of both domestic and foreign content. The most popular TV programs have been soap operas and serialized novels ( telenovelas) imported from Brazil. In the 1990s, Portugal attempted to produce its own telenovelas and soap operas, but these have not been as popular as the more exotic Brazilian imports.
См. также в других словарях:
circulation — /ˌsɜ:kjυ leɪʃ(ə)n/ noun the number of readers of a newspaper or magazine. It is audited and is not the same as ‘readership’. ▪▪▪ ‘…the level of currency in circulation increased to N4.9 billion in the month of August’ [Business Times (Lagos)] … Marketing dictionary in english
Newspaper circulation — A newspaper s circulation is the number of copies it distributes on an average day. Circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since … Wikipedia
pass-on readership — / pɑ:s ɒn ˌri:dəʃɪp/ noun the number of people who read a publication who have not bought it, but have borrowed it from a purchaser ● We know the magazine’s circulation, but will have to estimate the level of pass on readership. (NOTE: American… … Marketing dictionary in english
controlled circulation — /kənˌtrəυld sɜ:kjυ leɪʃ(ə)n/ noun distribution of a publication to a specialist readership who are members of a particular organisation or profession (often a free controlled circulation, where the magazine is distributed free to key executives,… … Marketing dictionary in english
tertiary readership — /ˌtɜ:ʃəri ri:dəʃɪp/ noun the people who do not buy a newspaper or magazine but come across it as a result of another activity such as waiting for an appointment with the dentist ● Many glossy magazines have a relatively small circulation but a… … Marketing dictionary in english
Print media in India — HistoryIndian press started from Calcutta, the then first colonial establishment of the East India Company. Since Calcutta was first to come under the British rule in India it opened to western values. James Agustus Hickey is considered as the… … Wikipedia
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